Description:
Barium sulfate is also called barite, with the chemical formula BaSO4, colorless or white orthorhombic crystals. Relative molecular weight 233.40. Relative density 4.5 (15oC). Melting point 1580oC. Refractive index 1.637. When heated to 1149oC, it becomes monoclinic crystals, at which time the refractive index is 1.649. It is almost insoluble in water, 0.00022 at 18oC and 0.00041 at 100oC. It is slightly soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid; it dissolves in carbonate alkali metal salt solutions and becomes barium carbonate; it is insoluble in other acids and alkalis. In nature, it exists in the form of barite mineral Chemicalbook. The natural mineral is called barite. It is heated to 800oC with carbon (coal powder) to reduce to soluble . It has the ability to strongly absorb X-rays, and X-rays cannot penetrate it. It can be used as a medicine (barium meal) for X-ray fluoroscopy of the stomach and intestines in medicine. Barium sulfate is the only non-toxic barium salt.
Application:
Barium sulfate is mainly used as a weighting agent for oil and gas drilling mud. It is also an important mineral raw material for extracting metallic barium and preparing various barium compounds. The uses of barium compounds are very wide: barium sulfate can be used as a raw material and filler for rubber, plastics, pigments, coatings, papermaking, textiles, paints, inks, welding rods; used as a raw material for barium-based grease, oil refining, beet sugar, and artificial silk; used as insecticides, sterilizers, rodenticides, explosives, green fireworks, signal flares, tracer bullets, indicators for medical X-ray photography, etc.; also used in glass, ceramics, leather, electronics, building materials, metallurgy and other departments. Metallic barium can be used as a getter and adhesive for televisions and vacuum tubes. Alloys made of barium and metals such as aluminum, magnesium, lead, and silver are used to manufacture bearings.

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